-- Army Air Forces -- Bombardment Group (H), 5th, World War, 1939-1945 -- Campaigns -- Pacific Ocean, United States. Sergiy Popov Sunflower experimentation at SOLTIS Slobozhanska selyshchna hromada, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine The Marine Corps built a small airstrip near Kamuela, Hawaii. Nuupia Pond Development, The first civilian casualty in Hawaii of the War was Robert Tyce, owner of the K-T Flying Service, who was killed by machine gun fire from Japanese torpedo planes as they flew over John Rodgers Airport on their way to Pearl Harbor. 1939, and 5th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in Nov 1940. Flew long patrol and photographic missions over the Solomon Islands and the Coral Sea, attacked Japanese shipping off Guadalcanal, and raided airfields in the northern Solomons until August 1943. Left Hawaii in Nov 1942 and, operating from bases in the South The 1947 Territorial Legislature recognized the need for an airport to serve the Kona area. Northwest Airlines began regularly scheduled service between Portland, Seattle and Honolulu. Civilian aviation operations on Kauai were handled by the Army Air Corps at Barking Sands during the War. Helped to neutralize enemy bases on Yap and in the Truk and Palau -- Army Air Forces -- Air Force, 13th, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). 1941 to Nov 1942. Assigned to the 5th Bombardment Group (5th BG) "Bomber Barons", 72nd Bombardment Squadron (72nd BS). The Hawaiian Air Force was activated (General Order 37, October 28, 1940). During the war, the wing's B-52s flew more than 120 combat missions and logged more than 1,600 combat flying hours. Search or add your name to the database. To complete the project, paving taxiways and parking areas brought the total to $678,854. Because of this new aircraft and its increased passenger carrying capacity. This page was last edited on 17 June 2021, at 14:17. Pacific Skyways, Ltd., operated from Port Allen Airport, providing services for the island of Kauai. In 1935, the group helped save the city of Hilo, Hawaii, during the eruption of the Mauna Loa volcano. Work was scheduled for completion in 1949. This area, whichwas under lease to the Navy,was in the process of being declared surplus to their needs and returned to the Territory. Territorial Forestry Division, and bombing a stream of lava flowing Hamoa Airport in Hana was owned by the Territory and had been in operation since May 1934. Central Pacific; Guadalcanal; New Guinea; Northern Solomons; Eastern Mandates; Bismarck Archipelago; Western Pacific; Leyte; Luzon; Southern Philippines; China Offensive; Air Combat, Asiatic-Pacific Theater. Sergiy Popov - Head of Ukrainian sunflower experimentation - SOLTIS The Navy moved its crash-fire equipment from the south side of the airport toits main fire station on the north side. It was now called Dillingham Field. an attack, conducted through heavy flak and fighter defenses, on The Seabees began construction of a second runway at Naval Air Station Kaneohe. 338th: 1947-1949. Construction plans for the new Hana Airportwere about 30 percentcomplete. There were no civil airports at Kahului; that site still belonged to the Naval Air Station. Leyte; Luzon; Southern Philippines. The Hawaii Aeronautics Commission accepted Naval Air Station Kahului from the Navy on a permitted basis. Central Pacific; Guadalcanal; New Guinea; Northern Hawaiian Air Transport Service with twin-engine Beechcraft airplanes operated a deluxe charter and tour service. Island Flight Service consolidated with Aero Service and Supply in the operation of a repair, rental and charter service. 1950-16 Jun 1952. and Southwest Pacific with B-17 and B-24 aircraft, served in combat 1946, 1947. Barking Sands, Kauai; Left Hawaii in November 1942 and, operating primarily from Pekoa Airfield, Esprito Santo in the New Hebrides Islands with a mix of B-17 and B-24 aircraft, served in combat with Thirteenth Air Force during the Allied drive from the Solomons to the Philippines. on May 7, 2014, There are no reviews yet. B-18 stationed at Hickam Field, c1938-1940. Inter-Island Airways acquired three DC-3 24-passenger aircraft and they flew from Oakland to Honolulu in 14 hours and 58 minutes. The 19th Bomb Group at Hamilton was alerted for the Philippine Islands. A search was on for a site for a new airport for Kamuela as Bordelon Field was found to be unsuitable for development. It covers all squadrons that were constituted or redesignated as bombardment squadron sometime during their active service. Philippine Air Lines placed DC-6s in operation between San Francisco and Manila on the first sleeper service across the Pacific. Remanned in Mar 1947, equipped with FB-17's and HyperWar: 7 December 1941: The Air Force Story [Appendix A] - ibiblio An attack against naval vessels at sea was found to be a job best done by low-altitude B-25 Mitchell/B-26 Marauder medium bombers or by Douglas A-24 Banshee dive bombers. F-2's, and engaged in mapping areas of the Philippines, Formosa, and On November 27, 1947 Trans Air received a CAB Letter of Registration to fly a regular freight schedule between islands. This is a list of United States Air Force Bomb Squadrons. The airport comprised 2,317.969 acres of land. Associated Press, "Air Force wing in nuclear goof has more trouble", Hoffman, "Minots 5th Bomb Wing flunks nuclear inspection", Learn how and when to remove this template message, terrorist attacks against the United States on 11 September 2001, 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident, 18th Composite Wing (later, 18th Wing; 18th Bombardment Wing), Far East Air Forces (later, Pacific Air Command, U.S. Army), 4th Aero (later, 4th Squadron; 4th Observation; 4th Reconnaissance; 394th Bombardment Squadron), 6th Aero (later, 6th Squadron; 6th Pursuit) Squadron, 23d Squadron (later, 23d Bombardment; 23d Reconnaissance; 23d Strategic Reconnaissance; 23d Bombardment; 23d Bomb) Squadron, 26th Attack (later, 26th Bombardment) Squadron, 31st Bombardment (later, 31st Strategic Reconnaissance; 31st Bombardment) Squadron, 50th Observation (later, 50th Reconnaissance; 5th Reconnaissance) Squadron, 72d Bombardment (later, 72d Strategic Reconnaissance; 72d Bombardment; 72d Bomb) Squadron, "Aircraft Stationed at Hickam AFB/Luke Field", "Prairie Vigilance 16: Anytime, Anywhere", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=5th_Operations_Group&oldid=1029036816. The completed runway, 5,700 feet long by 1,000 feet wide, was paved with asphalt concrete. Aerial reinforcements were being rushed to Philippine Islands as most probable spot of attack by Japanese. B-17 Flying Fortress units of the United States Army Air Forces Hawaiian Airlines used to operate from there with smaller planes, but the field could not be economically developed to meet the requirement of larger type air carriers. Today Bomb Squadrons are considered to be part of the Combat Air Force (CAF) along with fighter squadrons. Weather Bureau. NAS 1504 at Midway was supported by Barbers Point NAS. Congress appropriated $3.3M for the dredging of the seaplane harbor at Keehi Lagoon. The field was taken over by the Army at the beginning of the war and used as a troop carrier transport base while construction of the runways was in progress. During the time, its members accumulated more than 13,300 medals and decorations. Redesignated 5th Bombardment Group in March 1938, 5th Bombardment Group (Medium) in December 1939, and 5th Bombardment Group (Heavy) in November 1940. A contract for grading and paving a 3,750 foot runway was let for $359,627. The only terminal facility belonged to Hawaiian Airlines. Homestead, Molokai; Port Allen Airport was dedicated. Maui Flying Academy, operating from Maui Airport, provided service between Maui and Hana Airports on the island of Maui, in addition to general charter service to Lanai and Molokai with infrequent flights to Hilo and Honolulu. [3], 16 September 2016 saw one of the 5th OG's largest annual readiness exercise dubbed "Exercise Prairie Vigilance" take place. Space in the overseas terminal appeared to be at a premium. More than 10 million cubic yards of coral was placed between John Rodgers Airport and Hickam Field, in Fort Shafter Flats, in Mapunapuna and elsewhere in the vicinity. A bid of $27,234was accepted for construction of a terminal building at Kona Airport. The landwas owned by the Territory of Hawaii, Army- Navy and Hawaii Commercial and Sugar Company. The 19th Bombardment Wing arrived from the West Coast via Hickam en route to build up defense of the Philippine Islands. Hawaiian Airlines was the principal user and made one stop a day en route from Honolulu to Hilo, and return. Between 1949 and 1954, MATS flew 559,000 passengers across the Pacific through Hickam. Fifty five P-40 aircraft also arrived by aircraft carrier. 31st Bombardment Squadron | 5th Bombardment Group | Thirteenth Air Force . Insigne. Act 23, Session Laws of Hawaii 1947, appropriated $270,000 for construction of Lihue Airport. The Civil Aeronautics Administration contributed $314,000 of national defense funds to Hilo Airport. 31st Bombardment Squadron | 5th Bombardment Group | Thirteenth Air 1944; Maj Albert W James, 28 Feb 1945; Col Isaac Haviland, 15 Mar 1945; (Approved 10 Sep 1934. 1943. Stations. It covers all squadrons that were constituted or redesignated as bombardment squadron sometime during their active service. By Brooke E Allen, 1 Nov 1942; Col Marion D Unruh, 10 Aug 1943; Lt Col Itofficially designated an area parallel to the beach and known as Kailua airstrip to become Kona Airport. Aleksandr Mohyla - - Slobozhanska The construction of Maui Airport beganin 1938 by the Department of Public Works and the development was continued by various agencies such as the U.S. District Engineers under the Civil Aeronautics Administration-Territorial airport program, then by a joint Army-Navy program and then completed by the Navy. List of United States Air Force bomb squadrons - Wikipedia The commission consisted of seven members who were appointed by the Governor. It was a graded and oiled strip 3,000 feet long for small aircraft, and was named Bordelon Field. No improvements were planned as the Aeronautical Commission planned to use Kahului Naval Air Station as the principal airport on Maui. During World War II, Navy and Marine aircraft destroyed 15,401 enemy aircraft while losing 897 in aerial combat. K-T Flying Service operated a charter service and flying school. Redesignated 5th On the north side of the field, the Navy built the Naval Air Station Honolulu to support the Naval Air Transport operations and to house about 5,000 men. William A. Patterson, president of United Air Lines arrived atJohn RodgersAirport in the first DC-6 to be put in overseas service. However, the most important construction was four runways at John Rodgers Airport which would become Naval Air Station Honolulu (NAS 29) and home base for an Army and Navy Air Transport Command. The initial operation of both land and sea plane was planned for December 1, 1943. Command. Puunene Airport was taken over by the Territory of Hawaii under a permissive agreement with the Navy. Andrew Flying Service operated a charter service and flying school. Flying from a forward operating location, bomber crews attacked strategic targets in Afghanistan to topple the Taliban regime. ), Consolidated 19 September 1985 with the 905th Air Refueling Squadron, Heavy (1959), Redesignated 508th Strategic Missile Squadron, Redesignated 509th Strategic Missile Squadron, Redesignated 510th Strategic Missile Squadron, Inactivated 1965 & Redesignated 513th Electronic Warfare Squadron (2009), Redesignated 514th Flight Test Squadron in 1970, Redesignated 11th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), Redesignated 12th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), Redesignated 13th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), Redesignated 14th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), Redesignated 15th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), Redesignated 16th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), then 820th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy (1943), Redesignated 17th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), Redesignated 2d Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) (1942), Redesignated 532d Strategic Missile Squadron 1961, Redesignated 533d Strategic Missile Squadron 1962, Redesignated 336th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium (1949), Redesignated 548th Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 549th Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 550th Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 551st Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 555th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1964), Redesignated 557th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1962), Redesignated 558th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1962), Redesignated 560th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1962), Redesignated 561st Fighter-Bomber Squadron (1953), Redesignated 562d Fighter-Bomber Squadron (1953), Redesignated 564th Strategic Missile Squadron (1958), Redesignated 565th Strategic Missile Squadron (1958), Redesignated 566th Strategic Missile Squadron (1959), Redesignated 567th Strategic Missile Squadron (1959), Redesignated 568th Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 569th Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 570th Strategic Missile Squadron (1961), Redesignated 571st Strategic Missile Squadron (1961), Redesignated 576th Strategic Missile Squadron (1958), Redesignated 577th Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 578th Strategic Missile Squadron (1961), Redesignated 579th Strategic Missile Squadron (1961), Consolidated 19 September 1985 with the 384th Air Refueling Squadron, Medium (1955), Consolidated with 6586th Test Squadron (1992), Redesignated 165th Liaison Squadron (Commando) (1944), Inactivated 1951, Redesignated 612th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1953), Inactivated 1951, Redesignated 613th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1953), Inactivated 1949, Redesignated 614th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1953), Inactivated 1949, Redesignated 615th Tactical Fighter Squadron (1953), Redesignated 512th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 513th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 514th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 515th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 516th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 517th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 518th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 519th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 520th Fighter Squadron (1943), Redesignated 700th Fighter-Bomber Squadron (1952), Redesignated 701st Fighter-Bomber Squadron (1952), Redesignated 704th Troop Carrier Squadron (Medium) (1955), Redesignated 709th Military Airlift Squadron (Associate) (1973), Redesignated 711th Fighter-Bomber Squadron (1952) (1973), Inactivated 1990 & Redesignated 715th Weapons Squadron (2003), Inactivated 1963, Redesignated 718th Intelligence Squadron (2011), Redesignated 46th Reconnaissance Squadron (Very Long Range, Photographic-Weather), Redesignated 728th Tactical Airlift Squadron (1967), Redesignated 729th Tactical Airlift Squadron (1967), Redesignated 730th Tactical Airlift Squadron (1967), Consolidated 19 September 1985 with the 55th Air Refueling Squadron, Medium (1950), Redesignated 756th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium (1954), Redesignated 772d Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium (1952), Redesignated 773d Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium (1952), Redesignated 774th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium (1952), Redesignated 815th Troop Carrier Squadron (1953), Redesignated 816th Troop Carrier Squadron (1953), Redesignated 817 Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium (1952), Redesignated 822d Tactical Missile Squadron (1958), Redesignated 823d Tactical Missile Squadron (1962), Redesignated 850th Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Redesignated 851st Strategic Missile Squadron (1960), Consolidated with 788th Bombardment Squadron (Provisional); Inactivated 1945, Consolidated with 962d Airborne Early Warning & Control Squadron (1985), Redesignated 865th Strategic Missile Squadron (1958), Redesignated 866th Strategic Missile Squadron (1958), Redesignated 873d Tactical Missile Squadron (1961), Redesignated 874th Tactical Missile Squadron (1961), Replaced by 329th Combat Crew Training Squadron (1986), This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 22:04. World War Two had started in Hawaii and was followed within a few hours by attacks on the Philippines and the Dutch East Indies. 72d: 1923-1930, 1938-1947, It was operated as the Naval Air Station, Puunene, Maui, for the training of carrier air groups. Books - B-24 Bomb Groups - 5th-392nd - B-24 Best Web Group in Feb 1947. In order to provide aviation facilities to the Army and Navy on the Neighbor Islands, 91 acres of land at Hickam Field was traded to the Territory of Hawaii for access to airfield land on Kauai (Port Allen), Maui (Puunene), Molokai (Homestead Field), and Hilo and Upolu on the Big Island. Hickam Field, TH, 8 Feb 1938; Kipapa, TH, 23 May 1942; Kualoa, TH, 9 Sep-9 Nov 1942 . Sid Ulmer of the 31st BS has written "Waist Gunner". The landplane area at John Rodgers airport had been filled by spoil from seaplane channel dredging and three runways were completed. Passenger priority supervision was exercised by the Army for security purposes and expediting war priority transportation. Four hundred American aircraft were parked at Ford Island, Hickam Field, Wheeler Field, Ewa MCAS, Kaneohe MCAS, Bellows Station and Haleiwa Field. The Hawaiian Air Force had plans to employ 72 B-17s to conduct daily surveillance flights 833 nautical miles from Hawaii, each covering a five degree slice. The airportwas located on land owned by the Territory. Tail of parked B-17E number 41-2648 clearly seen in one scene. It's easy! On January 30, 1942 delivered to the U.S. Army Air Force (USAAF) as B-17E Flying Fortress serial number 41-2523. Federal funds became available for the operation of the control tower at General Lyman Field. Motto: Kiai O Ka Lewa The wing, however, kept its certification to perform missions and training with nuclear weapons. Naval Air Facility, Honolulu by the Navy Department. Matson Airlines inaugurated air service between Hawaii and the Mainland. 31st Bombardment Squadron | 5th Bombardment Group | Thirteenth Air Force STATIONS. The Carriers Hornet, Enterprise and Yorktown and their fighter and bomber aircraft won the Battle of Midway in early June of 1942 by sinking four Japanese aircraft carriers, a major turning point. After the war the Hawaii Aeronautics Commission leased this installation from Parker Ranch. The convoy was diverted Dec. 12 to Australia. Dredging was intensified with as many as nine dredges working on the project which was usable by late 1943 and completed in September of 1944. They were divided into several groups for onward flight. Weather bureau established an airport weather station there. A lease was entered into by the Aeronautics Commission with the Spencecliff Corp. for the operation of a restaurant, coffee shop and cocktail lounge (Sky Room) at Honolulu Airport. Twenty-one B-17D aircraft were flown right from the Boeing assembly line to Oakland (Hamilton Field) and on to Hickam Field in 13 hours and 10 minutes. Philippines and Borneo; and patrols off the China coast. A total of 1,153 people came to Hawaii from the Mainland by air. Act 23, Session Laws of Hawaii 1947, provided $17,500 for paving and developing Port Allen Airport into a suitable field for use by charter or privately owned aircraft. B-17Es taking off on a Battle of Midway mission, including aircraft numbers: 41-2524, 41-2611( of the 31st Bomb Squadron, 5th Bomb Group), 41-2532, 41-2437(of the 98th Bomb Squadron, 11th Bomb Group). Hawaiian Airlines started it first scheduled air freight service between the islands. The following local fixed-base, or non-scheduled operators applied for space at John Rodgers Airport during 1946 and began operation: Andrew Flying Service, K-T Flying Service, Hawaiian Air Transport Services, Trans-Pacific Airlines, Cockett Airlines, Trans-Air Hawaii, Island Flight Service, Hawaiian Aeromotive Repair Service, Hawaiian School of Aeronautics, Rainbow Airlines, Woolley Aircraft Co., Aero Service and Supply and Purdy Aero Repair Service. A master plan was prepared which showed one terminal building to be used jointly by all passenger carrying airlines, a freight terminal and areas for hangar facilities, aircraft parking, etc. All commercial overseas flights between the West Coast of the U.S., Australia, the Philippines and East Asiawere operating from the Overseas Terminal on the south side of the airport. The project consisted of one-paved runway 80-feet wide and 3,700 feet long, with necessary taxiways and parking aprons. In addition space for federal agencies had to be provided. GI Flight Training under the government vocational training program for veteranswas the main source of revenue for flight schools with GI contracts This federal expenditure was a great help to the struggling private flying industry. Assigned to Strategic Air Presently only small charter and private airplanes land there. Cockett Airlines started its non-scheduled charter operations using twin-engine Beechcraft airplanes. One plane was destroyed and three badly damaged. The History of the 31st Bombardment Squadron (H) by Joanne Pfannenstiel Emerick: 5th BG Fifth Bombardment Group (Heavy) in World War II: 13th Air Force, USAAF by Ray Merriam: 5th BG History of the Fifth Bomb Group by Hillsborough House: 5th BG - SCOOTIN THUNDER B - 24 D1 - 30 - CO 42-40100 13 5 72 Each airline had its own terminal facilities. John Rodgers Airport was renamed Honolulu Airport upon the approval of Act 31, Session Laws of Hawaii 1947, entitled An Act to Officially Establish the Name of Honolulu Airport changed the name of John Rodgers Airport and Keehi Lagoon Seaplane Harbor to Honolulu Airport. The airport had two paved runways 400 feet in width and 6,900-feet and 6,000-feet in length. Joseph E Reddoch Jr, 31 Dec 1943; Col Thomas C Musgrave Jr, 4 Apr 1944; Flights took 16 hours and the cost was $278. Lihue Airport opened to limited operation while the terminal was being built. Commercial airlines carried 63,055 passengers between Hawaii and the Mainland, and scheduled interisland passengers numbered 314,608. All civilian aircraft in Hawaii were grounded. Thirteenth Air Force - Wikipedia Property Damage: Hangars at both Hickam and Wheeler were severely damaged. The 11th Bombardment Group was activated at Hickam Field. . Naval Air Station 24 was built at Hilo Airport. Immediately after the Pearl Harbor attack all airports were taken over by the armed forces of the United States. The Navy decommissioned Marine Corps Air Corps Air Station. It was asphalt concrete and 400feet by 50,000 feet long. Thus began the first U.S. air-freight service. It was built on Parker Ranch land. 1938-1947, 1947-1952. With modern technology and advanced weapons like the JDAM and JASSM, the 5th's B-52 are expected to remain operational until the year 2040. Sign up for a new account in our community. Hickam Field was redesignated Hickam Air Force Base. B-18s of 5th Bombardment Group, 31st Bomb Squadron, over the Pacific, c1938-1939 B-18 number BE-45 stationed at Hickam Field was the B Flight Leader's Plane. In 2007 the Wing lost its commanding officer after Colonel Bruce Emig was removed in connection with the 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident, when negligent handling of nuclear weapons breached safety and security procedures. Civilian passenger service continued under the Army. Defense plans among military in Hawaii were general rather than specific regarding interchange of vital information and assistance. 5th Bombardment Group (Second World War) - HistoryOfWar.org (Heavy) in Sep 1950. 6th Pursuit: 1919-1927. STATIONS. The Air Force, created out of the Army, became a separate service in 1947. web pages 18th Wing. Construction began on April 1. Search the history of over 806 billion Decorations. The main portion of the airport, including the runways and taxiways,was located within the boundaries of land owned by the Territory and consisted of 515.639 acres. At the beginning of the war, the facilities of Pan American Airways were placed at the disposal of the Navy and in June 1942, operations for the Navy were commenced on a contractual basis in conjunction with the Naval Air Transport Service. Odd altitudes went clockwise and even altitudes went counterclockwise. 331st Bomb Squadron Squadron View all 39 images Object Number - FRE 5085 - The insignia of the 331st Bomb Squadron, 94th Bomb Group. Studieswere on-going as the community wanted to be able to fly to Honolulu. This article incorporates public domain material from the .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}Air Force Historical Research Agency.